In ABG interpretation, which statement correctly describes respiratory disorders?

In ABG interpretation, which statement correctly describes respiratory disorders?

• A. Respiratory disorders show pH and CO2 move in the same direction.
• B. Metabolic disorders show pH and CO2 move in the opposite direction.
• C. Respiratory disorders show pH and CO2 move in opposite directions.
• D. Metabolic disorders show pH and CO2 move in the same direction.

Answer: (C)

In ABG interpretation, the gas that changes with a respiratory problem is CO2, a direct measure of ventilation. When ventilation is reduced (hypoventilation) CO2 rises, which increases acidity and lowers pH. When ventilation is increased (hyperventilation), CO2 falls, reducing acidity and raising pH. So in respiratory disorders, pH and CO2 move in opposite directions. For example, respiratory acidosis shows high CO2 with a low pH, while respiratory alkalosis shows low CO2 with a high pH.

In ABG interpretation, the gas that changes with a respiratory problem is CO2, a direct measure of ventilation. When ventilation is reduced (hypoventilation) CO2 rises, which increases acidity and lowers pH. When ventilation is increased (hyperventilation), CO2 falls, reducing acidity and raising pH. So in respiratory disorders, pH and CO2 move in opposite directions. For example, respiratory acidosis shows high CO2 with a low pH, while respiratory alkalosis shows low CO2 with a high pH.